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  1. In Press

    Jackson PA, Deary ME, Reay JL, Scholey AB & Kennedy DO. No effect of 12 weeks' supplementation with 1 g DHA-rich or EPA-rich fish oil on cognitive function or mood in healthy young adults aged 18-35 years. British Journal of Nutrition.

  2. In Press

    Jackson PA, Reay JL, Scholey AB & Kennedy DO. Docosahexaenoic acid oil modulates the cerebral haemodynamic response to cognitive tasks in healthy young adults: A Near Infrared Spectroscopy pilot study. British Journal of Nutrition.

  3. 2000

    Kennedy DO and Scholey AB (2000) Glucose administration, heart rate and cognitive performance: effects of increasing mental effort. Psychopharmacology 149:63-71.

  4. 2000

    Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Wesnes K (2000) The dose dependent cognitive effects of acute administration of Ginkgo biloba to healthy young volunteers. Psychopharmacology 151:416-423.

  5. 2001

    Kennedy DO, Scholey AB and Wesnes K (2001) Differential, dose dependent changes in cognitive performance following acute administration of a Ginkgo biloba/Panax ginseng combination to healthy young volunteers. Nutritional Neuroscience, 4:399-412.

  6. 2001

    Kennedy DO, Scholey AB and Wesnes K (2001) Dose dependent changes in cognitive performance and mood following acute administration of Ginseng to healthy young volunteers. Nutritional Neuroscience 4:295-310.

  7. 2001

    Neave N, Scholey AB, Emmett JR, Moss M, Kennedy DO, Wesnes KA (2001) Water ingestion improves subjective alertness, but has no effect on cognitive performance in dehydrated healthy young volunteers. Appetite 37:255-256.

  8. 2001

    Neave N, Scholey AB, Emmett JR, Moss M, Kennedy DO, Wesnes K (2001) Water ingestion improves subjective alertness, but has no effect on cognitive performance in dehydrated healthy young volunteers. Appetite, 37: 255-256.

  9. 2001

    Scholey AB, Harper S, Kennedy DO (2001) Cognitive demand and blood glucose. Physiology and Behavior 73:585-592.

  10. 2002

    Kennedy DO (2002) The effects of Ginseng on memory and mood. In Nam-In Baek (Ed) Advances in Ginseng Research 2002. The Korean Society of Ginseng. Seoul. Korea.

  11. 2002

    Kennedy DO, Scholey AB and Wesnes KA (2002) Modulation of cognition and mood following administration of single doses of Ginkgo biloba, Ginseng and a Ginkgo/Ginseng combination to healthy young adults. Physiology and Behavior 75:739-751.

  12. 2002

    Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Tildesley NTJ, Perry EK, and Wesnes KA (2002) Modulation of mood and cognitive performance following acute administration of single doses of Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm). Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 72:953-964.

  13. 2002

    Scholey AB and Kennedy DO (2002) Acute, dose-dependent cognitive effects of Ginkgo biloba, Panax Ginseng and their combination in healthy young volunteers: differential interactions with cognitive demand. Human Psychopharmacology - Clinical and Experimental 17:35-44.

  14. 2003

    Tildesley NTJ, Kennedy DO, Perry EK, Ballard C, Savelev S, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB (2003) Salvia lavandulaefolia (Spanish Sage) enhances memory in healthy young volunteers. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 75:669-674.

  15. 2003

    Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Drewery L, Marsh VR, Moore B, Ashton H (2003) Electroencephalograph (EEG) effects of single doses of Ginkgo biloba and Panax ginseng in healthy young volunteers. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 75:701–709.

  16. 2003

    Kennedy DO, Wake G, Savealev S, Tildesley NTJ, Perry EK, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB (2003) Modulation of mood and cognitive performance following administration of single doses of Melissa officinalis (Lemon balm) with human CNS nicotinic and muscarinic receptor binding properties. Neuropsychopharmacology 28:1871-1881.

  17. 2003

    Kennedy DO and Scholey AB (2003) Ginseng: potential in the enhancement of cognitive performance and mood. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 75:687-700.

  18. 2004

    Kennedy DO, Little W, Scholey AB (2004) Attenuation of laboratory induced stress in humans following acute administration of Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm). Psychosomatic Medicine 66:607-613.

  19. 2004

    Kennedy DO and Scholey AB (2004) A glucose-caffeine 'energy drink' ameliorates subjective and performance deficits during prolonged cognitive demand. Appetite 42:331-333.

  20. 2004

    Scholey AB and Kennedy DO (2004) Cognitive and physiological effects of an "energy drink": an evaluation of the whole drink and of glucose, caffeine and herbal flavouring fractions. Psychopharmacology 176:320-330.

  21. 2004

    Kennedy DO, Haskell CF, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB (2004) Improved cognitive performance in human volunteers following administration of guaraná (Paullinia cupana) extract: comparison and interaction with Panax ginseng. Pharmacology, Biochemistry & Behavior 79(3):401-11.

  22. 2004

    Wesnes KA, Zangara A, Scholey AB, Kennedy DO (2004) Natural products as cognition enhancing agents. In Buccafusco JJ (Ed.) Cognitive Enhancing Drugs. (pp.151-178). Basel-Boston-Berlin, Birkhauser Verlag.

  23. 2005

    Reay JL, Kennedy DO, Scholey AB (2005) Single doses of Panax ginseng (G115) reduce blood glucose levels and improve cognitive performance during sustained mental activity. Journal of Psychopharmacology 19(4):357-365.

  24. 2005

    Scholey A, Kennedy D, Wesnes K (2005) The psychopharmacology of herbal extracts: issues and challenges. Psychopharmacology 179:705–707.

  25. 2005

    Tildesley NTJ, Kennedy DO, Perry EK, C.G. Ballard CG, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB (2005) Positive modulation of mood and cognitive performance following administration of acute doses of Salvia lavandulaefolia essential oil to healthy young volunteers. Physiology and Behavior 83:699-709.

  26. 2005

    Moss M, Franks M, Briggs P, Kennedy D, Scholey A (2005) Compromised arterial oxygen saturation in elderly asthma sufferers results in selective cognitive impairment. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 27:139-150.

  27. 2005

    Moss MC, Franks M, Briggs P, Kennedy DO, Scholey A (2005) Compromised Arterial Oxygen Saturation in Elderly Asthma Sufferers Results in Selective Cognitive Impairment. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 27(2)

  28. 2005

    Kennedy DO and Scholey AB (2005) Sage and Brain function. Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series A 75(8):25�31.

  29. 2005

    Haskell CF, Kennedy DO, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB (2005) Cognitive and mood improvements of caffeine in habitual consumers and habitual non-consumers of caffeine. Psychopharmacology 179:813-25.

  30. 2005

    Scholey AB, Parrott A, Kennedy DO (2005) Psychotropic Medicine. In Cambridge Handbook of Psychology, Health & Medicine (in press).

  31. 2006

    Reay JL, Kennedy DO, Scholey AB (2006) Effects of Panax ginseng, consumed with and without glucose, on blood glucose levels and cognitive performance during sustained 'mentally demanding' tasks. Journal of Psychopharmacology 20(6):771-781.

  32. 2006

    Reay JL, Kennedy DO, Scholey AB (2006) The glycaemic effect of single doses of Panax ginseng (G115) in young healthy volunteers. British Journal of Nutrition 96:639-642.

  33. 2006

    Scholey AB, Laing S, Kennedy DO (2006) Blood glucose changes and memory: effects of manipulating emotionality and mental effort. Biological Psychology 71:12-19.

  34. 2006

    Reay JL, Hamilton C, Kennedy DO, Scholey AB (2006) MDMA polydrug users show process-specific central executive impairments coupled with impaired social and emotional judgement processes. Journal of Psychopharmacology 20(3):385-388.

  35. 2006

    Kennedy DO, Reay JL, Scholey AB (2006) Effects of 8 weeks administration of Korean Panax ginseng extract on mood and cognitive performance in healthy individuals. In: Oh S, Choi T (Eds) Advances in Ginseng Research 2006. Korean Society of Ginseng. Seoul. Korea.

  36. 2006

    Kennedy DO and Scholey AB (2006) The psychopharmacology of European herbs with cognition enhancing properties. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 12(35):4613-4623.

  37. 2006

    Kennedy DO, Little W, Haskell CF, Scholey AB (2006) Anxiolytic effects of a combination of Melissa officinalis and Valeriana officinalis during laboratory induced stress. Phytotherapy Research 20:96-102.

  38. 2006

    Kennedy DO, Pace S, Haskell C, Okello EJ, Milne A, Scholey AB (2006) Effects of cholinesterase inhibiting sage (Salvia officinalis) on mood, anxiety and performance on a psychological stressor battery. Neuropsychopharmacology 31(4):845-52.

  39. 2007

    Kennedy DO, Reay JL, Scholey AB (2007) Effects of 8 weeks administration of Korean Panax ginseng extract on the mood and cognitive performance of healthy individuals. Journal of Ginseng Research 31(1):34-43

  40. 2007

    Kennedy DO, Jackson PA, Haskell CF, Scholey AB (2007) Modulation of cognitive performance following single doses of 120mg Ginkgo biloba extract administered to healthy young volunteers. Human Psychopharmacology 22:559-66.

  41. 2007

    Kennedy DO, Haskell CF, Mauri PL, Scholey AB (2007) Acute cognitive effects of standardised Ginkgo biloba extract complexed with phosphatidylserine. Human Psychopharmacology - Clinical and Experimental. 22(4):199-210.

  42. 2007

    Haskell CF, Kennedy DO, Wesnes KA, Milne AL, Scholey AB (2007) A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-dose evaluation of the acute behavioural effects of guaraná in humans. Journal of Psychopharmacology 21:65-70.

  43. 2008

    Kennedy DO, Haskell CF, Robertson B, Reay J, Brewster-Maund C, Luedemann J, Maggini S, Ruf M, Zangara A, Scholey AB (2008) Improved cognitive performance and mental fatigue following a multi-vitamin and mineral supplement with added guaraná (Paullinia cupana). Appetite 50:506-13.

  44. 2008

    Haskell CF, Scholey AB, Jackson PA, Elliott JM, Defeyter MA, Greer J, Robertson BC, Buchanan T, Tiplady B, Kennedy DO (2008) Cognitive and mood effects in healthy children during 12 weeks supplementation with multi-vitamin/minerals. British Journal of Nutrition 100:1086-1096.

  45. 2008

    Haskell CF, Kennedy DO, Milne AL, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB (2008) The effects of l-theanine, caffeine and their combination on cognition and mood. Biological Psychology 77:113-22.

  46. 2008

    Scholey AB, Tildesley NTJ, Ballard CG, Wesnes KA, Tasker A, Perry EK, Kennedy DO (2008) An extract of Salvia (sage) with anticholinesterase properties improves memory and attention in healthy older volunteers. Psychopharmacology 198:127-139

  47. 2008

    Reay JL, Scholey AB, Milne A, Fenwick J, Kennedy DO (2008) Panax ginseng has no effect on indices of glucose regulation following acute or chronic ingestion in healthy volunteers. British Journal of Nutrition 101:1673-1678.

  48. 2009

    Kennedy DO, Jackson PA, Elliott JM, Scholey AB, Robertson BC, Greer J, Tiplady B, Buchanan T, Haskell CF (2009) Cognitive and mood effects of 8 weeks' supplementation with 400 mg or 1000 mg of the omega-3 essential fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in healthy children aged 10-12 years. Nutritional Neuroscience 12:48-56.

  49. 2009

    Scholey AB, Sunram-Lea S, Greer J, Elliot J, Kennedy DO (2009) Glucose administration prior to a divided attention task improves tracking performance but not word recognition: evidence against differential memory enhancement? Psychopharmacology 202:549-558.

  50. 2009

    Scholey AB, Sunram-Lea SI, Greer J, Elliott J, Kennedy DO (2009) Glucose enhancement of memory depends on initial thirst. Appetite

  51. 2009

    Scholey AB, Haskell CF, Robertson B, Kennedy DO, Milne A, Wetherell M (2009) Chewing gum alleviates negative mood and reduces cortisol during acute laboratory psychological stress. Physiology and Behavior 97:304-12.

  52. 2009

    Kennedy DO, Wightman E, Okello EJ (2009) Medicinal plants, phytochemicals and Alzheimer's Disease. In: A Martinez (Ed) Emerging Drugs and Targets for Alzheimer's Disease. Royal Chemistry Society

  53. 2009

    Kennedy DO (2009) Herbs affecting the Central Nervous System. In (Eds) Mukherjee PK, Houghton PJ. Evaluation of Herbal Medicinal Products - Perspectives of Quality, Safety and Efficacy, Pharmaceutical Press, Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, London, UK

  54. 2010

    Reay JL, Scholey AB, Kennedy DO (2010) Panax ginseng (G115) improves aspects of working memory performance and subjective ratings of calmness in healthy young adults. Human Psychopharmacology-Clinical and Experimental;25:462-471.

  55. 2010

    Kennedy DO, Wightman EL, Reay JL, Lietz G, Okello EJ, Wilde A, Haskell CF (2010) Effects of resveratrol on cerebral blood flow parameters and cognitive performance in humans: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover investigation. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 91:1590-7.

  56. 2010

    Kennedy DO, Veasey R, Watson A, Dodd F, Jones E, Maggini S, Haskell CF (2010) Effects of high-dose B vitamin complex with vitamin C and minerals on subjective mood and performance in healthy males. Psychopharmacology 211:55-68.

  57. 2010

    Haskell CF, Robertson BC, Jones E, Forster J, Jones R, Wilde A, Maggini S, Kennedy DO (2010) Effects of a multi-vitamin/mineral supplement on cognitive function and fatigue during extended multi-tasking. Human Psychopharmacology 25:448-61.

  58. 2010

    Scholey A, French S, Morris P, Kennedy D, Milne A, Haskell C (2010) Consumption of cocoa flavanols results in acute improvements in mood and cognitive performance during sustained mental effort. Journal of Psychopharmacology 24:1505-14.

  59. 2011

    Kennedy DO and Haskell CF (2011) Cerebral blood flow and behavioural effects of caffeine in habitual and non-habitual consumers of caffeine: A Near Infrared Spectroscopy study. Biological Psychology 86:298-306.

  60. 2011

    Kennedy DO, Veasey R, Watson A, Dodd F, Jones E, Tiplady B, Haskell CF (2011) Vitamins and psychological functioning: a mobile phone assessment of the effects of a B vitamin complex, vitamin C and minerals on cognitive performance and subjective mood and energy. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 26:338-47.

  61. 2011

    Kennedy D, Dodd F, Robertson B, Okello E, Reay J, Scholey A, Haskell C (2011) Monoterpenoid extract of sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) with cholinesterase inhibiting properties improves cognitive performance and mood in healthy adults. Journal of Psychopharmacology 25:1088-1100.

  62. 2011

    Kennedy DO, Jones E, Haskell CF (2011) Vitamin status, cognition and mood in cognitively intact adults. In Benton D (Ed) Lifetime nutritional influences on cognition, behaviour and psychiatric illness. Woodhead publishing, pp 194-250.

  63. 2011

    Kennedy DO and Haskell CF (2011) Vitamins and Cognition: What is the Evidence? Drugs 71(15):1957-71.

  64. 2011

    Jackson PA, Reay JL, Scholey AB, & Kennedy DO (2011) Docosahexaenoic acid-rich fish oil modulates the cerebral hemodynamic response to cognitive tasks in healthy young adults. Biological Psychology

  65. 2011

    Kennedy DO and Wightman EL (2011) Herbal extracts and phytochemicals: plant secondary metabolites and the enhancement of human brain function. Advances in Nutrition 2:32-50.

  66. 2012

    Wightman EL, Haskell CF, Forster JS, Veasey RC, & Kennedy DO (2012) Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), cerebral blood flow parameters, cognitive performance and mood in healthy humans: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover investigation. Human Psychopharmacology 27:177-86

Brain, Performance and Nutrition Research Centre
School of Life Sciences
4th Floor, Northumberland Building
Northumbria University
Newcastle upon Tyne
NE1 8ST

t: 44 (0) 191 2048818
e: bpnrc@northumbria.ac.uk

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